7IT$Diseases Common to Angiosperm Trees 1.01.0lANGIOSPERM TREE DISEASE COMPONENT OF THE MIAMI UNIVERSITY DENDROLOGY EXPERT SYSTEM CREATED BY ROGER WOESTE CXAttdata Organized Silken Nest 1A silk structure that contains multiple insects. No Organized Nest #This refers to a solo nesting area.!Larvae Hanging From Silk This is refering to a thread-like substance that is produced by some larvae. The larvae use the thread as a means of transportation and as a nesting material.!Free Feeding Larvae UThis is pertaining to larvae that do not produce a thread-like silk. Eg...A Maggot."Beetles Present "Grasshoppers Present Upper Leave Damage Leave is Curled #A bending or mishaping of the leaf.Aphids Present Yellow Stippling  Black Deposit  Warty Growths  Wooly Growth %Juglans %Carya &Fagus &Castanea &Quercus Leucobalanus &Quercus Erythobalanus 'Betula 'Carpinus 'Corylus 'Ostrya (Populus (Salix )Celtis )Ulmus )Zelkova *Maclura *Morus +Eucommia ,Cercidiphyllum - Chioanthus - Forsythia -Fraxinus - Ligustrum -Syringa . Diospyrus / Paulownia 0Catalpa 1 Lirodendron 1Magnolia 2 Crataegus 2Malus 2Prunus 2Pyrus 2Sorbus 3 Sassafras 4Albizzia 5Cercis 5 Gladitsia 5 Gymnocladus 6 Cladastris 6Robinia 6Saphora 7 Phellodendron 8 Hamamelis 8 Liquidambar 9Platanus :Acer ;Tilia <Aesculus = Ailanthis >Cornus >Nyssa ?Assima @Ilex ARhamnus B Ligustrum BViburnum C Euonymous D Hydrangea FJuglans alantifolia FJuglans cinerea F Juglans nigra F Juglans regia GCarya cordiformis GCarya illinoensis GCarya laciniosa G Carya ovata HFagus grandifolia HFagus sylvatica ICastanea mollisima K Quercus alba KQuercus macrocarpa KQuercus muehlenbergii KQuercus lyrata K Quercus robur KQuercus bicolor KQuercus cerris KQuercus prinus L Quercus rubra LQuercus palustris LQuercus velutina LQuercus Shumardii LQuercus imbricaria LQuercus phellos LQuercus coccinea MCarpinus caroliniana NOstrya virginiana O Betula nigra PCorylus avellana QPopulus deltoides R Salix nigra SUlmus americana S Ulmus rubra SUlmus parvifolia TCeltis occidentalis UZelkova serata V Morus alba WMaclura pomifera XEucomia ulmoides YCercidiphyllum japonicum ZFraxinus americana ZFraxinus excelsior ZFraxinus nigra ZFraxinus pennsyvanica ZFraxinus quadrangulata [Chioanthus virginicus \Syringa vulgaris ]Forsythia suspensa ^Ligustrum vulgare _Diospyros virginiana `Pawlownia tomentosa aCatalpa speciosa bMagnolia acuminata bMagnolia fraseri bMagnolia grandiflora bMagnolia soulangeana bMagnolia stellata bMagnolia virginiana cLiriodendron tulipifera d Prunus avium dPrunus serotina ePyrus communis fMalus coronaria fMalus sylvestris gSorbus aucuparia hCrataegus crusgalli hCrataegus phaenopyrum iSassafras albidium jAlbizzia julibrisson kCercis candensis lGladitsia triacanthos mGynocladus dioicus nCladastris lutea oRobinia pseudoacacia pSophora japonica qPhellodendron amurense qPhellodendron chinense qPhellodenderon japonicum qPhellodendron sachalinense rHamamelis virginiana sLiquidambar styraciflua tPlatanus occidentalis uAcer campestre u Acer ginnala u Acer griseum u Acer negundo u Acer nigrum u Acer palmatum uAcer platanoides uAcer pseudoplatanus u Acer rubrum uAcer saccharinum uAcer saccharum vTilia americana v Tilia cordata vTilia dasystyla v Tilia europea vTilia heterophylla v Tilia Moltkei vTilia platyphyllos vTilia tomentosa wAesculus carnea wAesculus glabra wAesculus hippocastanum wAesculus octandra xAilanthis altissima yCornus florida y Cornus mas zNyssa sylvatica {Assima triloba | Ilex opaca }Rhamnus cathartica ~Viburnum acerifolium ^Ligustrum maackii Euonymous alatus Hydrangea arborescens Early dehisense )Look for the unseasonal loss of foilage.Leaves Fallen are Discolored =This is refering to non typical coloration of fallen leaves.Distorted New Growth  Yellowish Brownish Orangish Reddish Whitish Grayish Blackish  Leaves Completely Covered  Leaves Partially Covered  Black spots  Yellow Spots  Spots with Holes in Center  !Spots with Lighter Colored Center  White Waxy Spots  Leaves Have Lesions  Leaves Have Hornlike Structures  Leaves Yellow Between Veins  Leaf Margins Scorched Galls Present on Petiole  Frothy Masses Petiole swollen  Twig Dying  Galls Present  Twig Stunted Black Clusters Califlowerlike Growths Leaves Blackened Beetle Larvae  Winged Insect Non-Winged Insect  Twig Swollen  Twig Flagged QThis refers to the breaking of a twig which alter it's orientation to the tree.Witches' broom aWitches' broom is a brooming effect at the end of a branch that is caused by certian pathogens. Branch dying Branch Deformed Branch Spotted Elongated Black Growths Small to Medium Sized Holes Holes Evenly Spaced Regularly Shaped Tunnels :Consistently shaped tunnels in diameter and in direction.Shelf Like Growths Hoof Shaped Growths  Large Galls  Foul Smell Tree Dying from Apex to Base OWhen tree death is occuring from the top of the tree to the base of the tree.Tree Dying From Base to Apex RWhen tree death is occuring from the bottom of the tree and working it's way up.Tree Growth Stunted .Normal growth impeded due to certian factors.Leaves Present Early Dehisence Unseasonal loss of leaves.Girdling Of the Bark JA disruption of the bark that can extend the circumferance of the branch.Tree Physically Damaged Girdling  Leaf Veins are Discolored Twig has Cankers )Cankers are small cysts that may indent.Leaves are Skeletonized RThe removal of all the blade of the leaf, leaving only the veins and the midrib.#Greenish #Grayish #Orangish #Brownish Globose  Spiked Gall  1 to 10 cm  11 to 20 cm  > 21 cm Swollen Area Spherical Swollen Area Flattened Large Black Spots Multiple Brown Spots Multiple White Spots Leaves Being Mined {Mining is the ability that some insects have to remove the inner layers of the leaf. Leaving just the skin if the leaf."Non-Winged Insect "Other Winged Insects Singular Holes Multiple Tunnels Singular Tunnels Sawdust Present 'A good indication of a boring pathogen. Sap Flows 7A leakage of sap due to a rupture of the phloem paths.Twig Being Bored BThis refers to the consumption of the inner sections of the twig.Twig Being Eaten  White Wooley Spots White Powdery Growth Cysts on Leaves Twig Has Black Spots Aligned masses !Eggs Present on Underside of Leaf Silken Nest at the Base of Twig Silken Nest at the Apex of Twig Lower Leaf Damage #Whitish CXMenudataAngiosperm Disease$ELeaves Damaged   Twigs Damaged2This is refering to first and second year growth.Trunk or Large Branches Damaged Tree DyingLeaves Being EatenThis is best recognized by irregular section missing from the normal leaf anatomy. Along with knaw marks that most insects leave behind. !"Leaves MissingLeaves Damaged0Check the whole leaf surface for damaged areas. Leaves with Necrotic Areas=Discoloration of the leaf is a good sign for this character.Leaves have SpotsESeveral pathogens cause a spotting of the leave mark all that apply.Leaves Have LesionssLesions are more of a surface wound on the leaf. These surface wounds can sometimes be acompanied by outgrowths.Leaf Margins Damaged.+6&8<D%314*-9A27(/=;)$ Juglandaceae $Fagaceae$ Betulaceae$ Salicaceae$Ulmaceae$Moraceae$ Eucomiaceae$Cercidiphyllaceae$Oleaceae !"#$$ Ebenaceae%$Scrophulariaceae&$ Bignoniaceae'$ Magnoliaceae()$Rosaceae*+,-.$ Lauraceae/$ Mimosaceae0$ Cesalpinaceae123$Fabaceae456$Rutaceae7$ Hammelidaceae89$ Plantanaceae:$ Aceraceae;$ Tiliaceae<$Hippocastanaceae=$ Simaroubaceae>$ Cornaceae?@$ AnnonaceaeA$ AquafoliaceaeB$ RhamnaceaeC$CaprifoliaceaeDE$ CelastraceaeF$ HydrangeaceaeGGenera/SpeciespIf you are not sure of the genera or the species refer to the angiosperm tree identification portion of MUDES.9uwxj{OMGIaTYk[nyPh_XH]Zlmr|Fs^cWbfVzN`qtQdeJ}oRipg\vS~UEJuglansHIJKECaryaLMNOEFagusPQECastaneaREQuercusKLJQuercus LeucobalanusSXYVTUZWJQuercus Erythrobalanusa_\`[^]ECarpinusbEOstryacEBetuladECoryluseEPopulusfESalixgEUlmushjiECeltiskEZelkovalEMorusmEMacluranEEucommiaoECercidiphyllumpEFraxinusqrstuE ChioanthusvESyringawE ForsythiaxE LigustrumyE DiospyruszE Paulownia{ECatalpa|EMagnolia}~E LiriodendronEPrunusEPyrusEMalusESorbusE CrataegusE SassafrasEAlbizziaECercisE GladitsiaE GymnocladusE CladastrisERobiniaESophoraE PhellodendronE HamamelisE LiquidambarEPlatanusEAcer ETiliaEAesculusE AilanthisECornusENyssaEAssimaEIlexERhamnusEViburnumE EuonymousE Hydrangea Gall Shape9Feild & Lab Guide to Plant Path. Blanchard, Tatter. 1981.;Diseases of Trees & Shrubs. Sinclair,Lyons,& Johnson. 1987.;Insects That Feed on Trees & Shrubs. Johnson,& Lyons. 1976.;A Guide to Common Insects & Diseases of Forest. USDA. 1979.:Pests of Landscape Trees & Shrubs. Dreistadt, Steve. 1994.j CXItemnameP Algal spotuAphidsWApple leaf blotch minerL Apple ScabAsh Anthracnose= Ash borerBeech Bark Disease Beech Scale CankerwormIComstalk mealybugCottony maple scalerCottony-cushon scale'Cristulariella Leaf Spot1 Crown GallDogwood Club GallEastern Tent CaterpillerElm Bark BeetleElm Leaf BeetleFall Cankerworm Fall Webworm&Flatheaded BorerForest Tent CaterpillerxGnomonia Leaf SpotCGuignardia Blotch Gypsy moth Ink Spot Leaf Blight`Iron chlorosis]Japanese beetleJapanese leafhopperJapanese scaleX Lace bugs Large Aspen Tortrix Leaf BlisterLeaf Mining BeetlesManganese chlorosisMaple anthrachnosejMidge pod gallFMildew\Mimosa Webworm:Mottled Willow BorerMycosphaerella Leaf SpotMNectria cankerNorway maple aphidOak Anthrachnose% Oak Lace BugOak Leaf Miner$Oak Mite(Oak SkeletonizerOcellate leaf gallDOyster shell scale Pear Slugs Petiole borerBPhyllosticta Leaf SpotsPidgeon tremex6Pine Cone GallZ Plant hopperPoplar-and-Willow BorerPowdery Mildew^Promethea mothfRust)Saddleback Caterpiller{ SapstreakR Sapsucker_Sassafras weevil Sawfly LarvaeScorchE Scurfy scale+Seed Mite GallSeptoria Leef SpotShoestring root rot Sooty Moldi Spider mites Spine spotSpring CankerwormSugar maple borersSweetgum scaleqSweetgum webwormSycamore anthrachnosevSycamore plant bugwSycamore tussock moth4 Tar SpotsTerrapin scaleYThorn skeletonizerd Tree hopperTuliptree ScaleTupelo leaf miner Twig pruner[Two spotted miteTwo-Lined Chestnut BorrerHVerticillium wiltWalnut anthrachnoseWalnut Caterpillert Walnut scalebWebwormWhite-marked tussock moth9Willow Flea Weevil8Willow Lace Bug5Willow Leaf Beetle<Willow Scurfy Scale;Willow Shoot Sawfly-Witch-Hazel Leaf Gall AphidgWitches' broomWood rotWood-boring Caterpillars Wooly AphidWooly Elm Aphid CXItemrecF 4 2 I 9  @   D74 106 ( 2  i h304 9  332 X 1405  . ,   / < C d  P a 6 ` _ ' c b 260 476 80 1 B % Y  96 )  > 196  R 7 W &180 236 : ?  ]166 S ; e G $ L  K \ 292 N O 108 =  3200 0 *  Q  J 5 V264 " A f ^ E U [150 168 H M11234 +11034 Z36 #10436 !190 -192 248 g254 8268 T362 436defaultdefault CXDatablock_@  `>C>??@ `CC@@E@>@ X A! @U@ x) ?E@} ?LT*`".@X/XbE@`|@@@P>@M >0@8@  ?@  v8o>q@"`|($@ ?!@(C P@O@|@5@P|   @@B@ !@@`(@@@ |@O?!` ` ?`  >?@``@b `B"`"`0 @D@HR @Q@