M>™–Ohio Fossil IndexêOhio Fossil Index This is an expert index that will help students identify basic fossils that are found in Ohio. This is designed to be used in a junior high school setting. By: Jay Farmer and Fritz "Punny Guy" Prior -ÿÿ CXAttdata smooth€ coarse€ ridge/furrow€ no symmetry€radial symmetry€bilateral symmetry€lobed€branched€shelled€columned€present€visible (unaided)€ non-visible€ none present€present (spaced)€present(close)€ not present € raisedrasied segments.jpg€ indented indentedsegments.jpg€ coarse on both ends€ pointed at one end€ multiple ends€ layered€ wagon wheeled€ fractured€fanning out from one pointlongitudinallines.jpg€)running across the body in parallel lineslongitudinallines.jpg€ none present€long as the fossil€shorter than half€coiledshellshape.jpg€ triangularshellshape.jpg€ semi-circularshellshape.jpg€$begining of coil heigher than ending€"begining of coil lower than ending€disc (flattened)€conical (cone shaped)€ star shaped imprint€Bryozoan€ Trilobite€ Horn Coral€ Gastropod€Crinoid€ Cephalopod€ Brachiopodÿÿ CXMenudataÿÿ /€General Structure /€SymmetryÿSThe symmetry can be described as radially symmetrical, bilaterally symmetrical or lacking any symmetry. no symmetry: does not have a mirror imaged half. radial symmetry: has the same image from mutliple angles from the center of the fossil. bilateralsymmetry: is a mirror image from a line drawn from the center of the fossil./€shapeÿCan be described as lobed, branched, shelled, or columed. lobed: having multiple regions that are elongated along the organism. branched: resembling branches from a tree. shelled: looks like a snail or clam. columned: elongated organisms, usually round. shapes.jpg /€branch characteristics /€ aperatures8Do the branched segments have visible holes (aperatures)aperaturemonticules.jpg /€ monticuleswWhat type of raised bumps (monticules) do the branches have? Are they resent? Packed closely together or spread out?aperaturemonticules.jpg /€column characteristics /€ segmentation segnoseg.jpg /€segmentation type/€endsends.jpg%/€textureÿBThe texture can be described as smooth, coarse, or ridge/furrow. smooth: the majority of the fossil does not have large bumps or segmentations. coarse: the fossil contains segmentations, large bumps, or ridges. Ridges/furrows: the fossils has smaller bumps that run in lines that have ridges and/or furrows/€end characteristicsendcharact.jpg/€shelled/lobed characteristics/€ longitudinal linesDlongitudinal lines can be paralell or running from a center point. longitudinallines.jpg/€ lobe lengths/€ shell shapesXShelled fossils can come in three basic shapes: Coiled, Triangular, and Semi-circular.shellshape.jpg /€ coils/€height!"/€shape coilshape.jpg#$/€ Common name#How the fossil is commonly refered.&'()*+,/€ÿÿ ÿÿ CXItemname Dekayia ulrichiF€Flexicalymene meeki (sp)F€Grewingkia rusticaF€Hallopora ramosaF€Holopea obliquaF€ Iocrinus subcrassusF€ Loxoplocus bowdeni (sp)F€Orthonybyoceras duseriF€Parvohallopora onealli (sp)F€ Plaesiomys subquadrata (sp)F€Platystrophia ponderosaF€ Sinuites cancellatus (sp)F€Strophomena planumbona (sp)ÿÿ CXItemrecÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿcA type of coral. Notice the numerous septa on the interior and the growth lines of this species. horncoral.jpgT€ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿT€ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÚTribloite. Smaller than other species of trilobites, it's small size will prevent you from seeing its fine granular surface. This species will often times roll up like a pill bug. It is a relative of modern insects.flexicalymenemeeki.jpgT€ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÆGastropod. Has a rounded shoulder and lacking ornamental designs. Will not have the height/length of a bowdeni specimen; however it will narrow to a point. It will look like it ha been squashed.Holopeaobliqua.jpgT€ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ¡Articulate brachiopod. Larger than other species of this genus, has a curved outine with delicate striations. This fossil will have a distinct horseshoe shape. Strophomenaplanumbona.jpgT€ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ±Cephalopod. A relative to the modern day squid. This is a common fossil found in layers in the Ordovician Period. Has a characteristic pattern of lateral lines like a ladder.Orthonybyocerasduseri.jpgT€ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿˆBryozoan. This creature often appears as branched. Many polyps or monticules are present giving it a bumpy texture. Similar to coral. Hallopora ramosa.jpgT€ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿT€ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿT€ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ§Criniod. Related to modern day starfish and sand dollar. Has very obvious starfish five sided look looking down on the coumn. Has a stacked coin shape appearance. Iocrinus Subcrasus.jpgT€ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ¾Articulate brachiopod.This fossil will look similar to an oyster shell in shape. It will appear to have a large numbe of ridges and furrows which extend palmetely from the base of the shell.Plaesiomyssubquadrata.jpgT€ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ“Gastropod. A relative of modern day snails, it will have a narrowing spiral as you move away from the aperature. It will narrow to a pointed end.Loxoplocusbowdeni.jpgT€ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ¬Gastropod. Relative of modern day snail, this fossil will not have as may spirals as the bowdeni. It will not narrow to a pointed end will look similar to a lower case e. Sinvitescancellatus.jpgT€ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿhBryozoan. Similar to mossy animals, rough texture. More monticules than Onealli, but less than ramosa.Delayia ulrichi.jpgT€ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿœArticulated Brachiopod. Very defined longitudinal lines. Two distinct halves/valves. One valve has indented grooves, the other valve has raised ridges. Platystrophiaponderosa.jpgT€ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ\Bryozoan. Similar to modern day mossy animals, texture is smoother than ramosa and ulrichi.parvohalloporaonealli.jpgÿÿ CXDatablock 1‘b7$€ 1H &0 &6& Šˆ@6$ 2 I%0!1!HŠJ@$‰0)@