CELL TYPE | CYTOPLASMIC FEATURES | CELL WALL FEATURES | 3-D GEOMETRY | ||||||||||||||||||
Apical Meristem
|
Large ovoid nucleus
Small vacuoles Mitochondria Proplastids May contain storage products, especially in dormant condition |
Thin primary cell wall |
|
I. Hanstein (1868, 1870) proposed that a precise relationship existed between initials in distal zone of apex and mature tissues in proximal portion of organ.
A. Dermatogen
(Grk. skin, to bring forth) -> Epidermis
B. Periblem (Grk.
clothing) -> Cortex
C. Plerome (Grk.
that which fills) -> Inner tissues
D. Now generally
accepted that there is no obligate relationship between such histogens
and mature tissue
II. Haberlandt (1914) proposed generalized terminology for histogenic regions of meristems that in general give rise to categories of mature tissues.
A. Note that direct
cell lineage is not implied with this terminology that is most widely used
today.
B. Promeristem
->
Initial group of cells that give rise to the following
C. Protoderm
-> Epidermis
D. Procambium
-> vascular tissue + vascular cambium
E. Ground meristem
-> Cortex and Pith regions
III. Meristem cell population is a dynamic one that could be modelled or described with the following equation:
N = [1- (c-d)] * No where
N = number of meristematic cells in current population
No = number of initial meristematic cells
c = rate of cell division
d = rate of cell loss from population due to differentiation
Note when c = d
-> no change in number of cells in meristem
c > d -> meristem population increases
c < d -> meristem decreases